The official pretext for creating the holiday was to celebrate on 4 November 1612 the liberation of Moscow from Polish-Lithuanian occupation. The expulsion of the foreign troops from Moscow by a Russian people's militia is considered by many historians to be the end of the period of chaos and weak rule in Russia known as the Time of Troubles. The liberation helped usher in the revival of the Russian state and its subsequent expansion -- within 50 years, Russia had taken Ukraine under its control, and in 100 years' time its borders had reached the Pacific.
There is, however, another significant event that took place on this date in Russian history that the media has failed to mention. Following the victory in the Northern War against Sweden, which resulted in Russia gaining control of the Baltic region and present-day Finland, the St. Petersburg Senate voted on 4 November 1721 (22 October according to the Julian calendar) to grant Peter the Great the status of "Father of the Nation and Emperor" -- effectively creating the Russian Empire.
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